TNTEU · B.Ed · Educational Psychology (BD1EP)

Psychologists & Interactive Diagrams

Tap a tab below. The first holds every key psychologist with their theory; the next four are interactive pictures — click the parts to learn them.

5-mark question: List the chief psychologists who contributed to educational psychology and state their theory or contribution.
Development

Growth & Human Development

  • Jean PiagetCognitive development — four stages (sensorimotor → formal operational); schema, assimilation, accommodation.
  • Robert HavighurstDevelopmental tasks — tasks each life-stage must master.
  • G. Stanley HallDescribed adolescence as a period of "storm and stress".
Learning

Theories of Learning

  • Ivan PavlovClassical conditioning (UCS–CS–CR); the dog-salivation experiment.
  • B. F. SkinnerOperant conditioning — learning by reinforcement (Skinner box).
  • E. L. ThorndikeTrial & error / connectionism; laws of readiness, exercise, effect.
  • Wolfgang KöhlerInsight learning (Gestalt) — the ape experiments.
  • John DeweyConstructivism — "learning by doing"; project method.
Motivation

Motivation & Humanism

  • Abraham MaslowHierarchy of needs; self-actualisation; humanistic psychology.
  • Carl RogersSelf theory — real vs ideal self, unconditional positive regard.
  • David McClellandAchievement motivation (n-Ach).
Intelligence

Intelligence & Its Measurement

  • Binet & SimonFirst intelligence test; concept of mental age.
  • Terman / SternIQ — Stern coined it, Terman gave IQ = MA/CA × 100 (Stanford–Binet).
  • Charles SpearmanTwo-factor theory — general 'g' + specific 's'.
  • L. L. ThurstoneGroup-factor theory — primary mental abilities (PMA).
  • J. P. GuilfordStructure of Intellect (SOI); convergent & divergent thinking.
  • Howard GardnerTheory of multiple intelligences (eight types).
  • David WechslerWAIS — verbal + performance scales; deviation IQ.
Creativity

Creativity

  • J. P. GuilfordDivergent thinking as the basis of creativity.
  • Graham WallasFour stages of creative thinking — preparation, incubation, illumination, verification.
Personality

Personality & Assessment

  • Sigmund FreudPsychoanalytic theory — id, ego, superego; the unconscious.
  • W. H. SheldonType theory — somatotypes (endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph).
  • Carl JungPersonality types — introvert and extrovert.
  • Gordon AllportTrait theory — cardinal, central, secondary traits.
  • R. B. Cattell16 PF — source and surface traits.
  • Hermann RorschachInk-blot projective test.
  • Murray & MorganThematic Apperception Test (TAT).
Perception

Attention & Perception

  • Gestalt schoolWertheimer, Koffka & Köhler — laws of perceptual organisation (figure-ground, proximity, closure…).
Self-actualisation reach full potential Esteem respect, recognition, confidence Love & belonging family, friends, acceptance Safety security, shelter, health, a job Physiological food, water, sleep, air Deficiency needs (D) Growth need (B)

Tap any level of the pyramid

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Lower needs must be reasonably met before a person is driven by the next one up. Tap a tier to read it.

water line Conscious Preconscious Unconscious (the largest part) Superego Ego Id

Tap a level of the mind (left) or a part of personality (right)

Freud's iceberg model

Only the tip of the mind is conscious; most lies hidden underwater. Tap any label to learn it.

Bell (CS) Food (UCS) Dog Salivation (UCR)

Before conditioning

Food (an unconditioned stimulus) naturally makes the dog salivate (unconditioned response). The bell alone means nothing to the dog yet.

Operations · 5 Products · 6 Contents · 4 120 cells = 5 × 4 × 6

Guilford's Structure of Intellect

Intelligence is a cube of three dimensions — Operations × Contents × Products = 120 distinct abilities. Tap a dimension to see its categories.