TNTEU · B.Ed · Educational Psychology

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs — 7 levels

The expanded model: Cognitive and Aesthetic needs sit between Esteem and Self-actualisation. Read from the base up — each level is met before the next becomes a driving force.

Deficiency needs (D) The two added needs Growth need (B)

7 · Self-actualisationgrowth realising one's full potential and talents.
6 · Aestheticgrowth need for order, symmetry, beauty and balance.
5 · Cognitivegrowth need to know, understand, explore and find meaning.
4 · Esteemdeficiency self-respect, recognition, status, confidence.
3 · Love & belongingdeficiency affection, friendship, acceptance, belonging.
2 · Safetydeficiency security, shelter, health, stability, protection.
1 · Physiologicaldeficiency food, water, air, sleep, warmth — survival basics.

For the exam: the original (1943) model has 5 levels and is what most TNTEU textbooks print; the lower four are deficiency needs and self-actualisation is the growth need. Maslow's later (1970) revision inserts Cognitive and Aesthetic needs to make 7 levels — all three top tiers are growth (being) needs. A final version adds Transcendence on top, making 8. Draw the version your guide shows, and mention the others as an extra point.